Unique and surprising exhibits and a portrait gallery of all Electors, Kings and Emperors of the Hohenzollern dynasty narrate the eventful past of Brandenburg and Prussia, the County of Brandenburg, historic Prussia in the Baltic region and today's Poland from the beginning of the 15th until the 20th century.
Annually alternating special exhibitions supplement the main exhibition.
The museum specialises particularly in work with children and young adults from pre-school to school-leaving age. Every fourth visitor is under 18 years of age. The Brandenburg-Preußen Museum – experiencing a museum differently for once and in a lively way to discover fascinating history.

The museum's collections primarily accompany the reign of the Hohenzollern Dynasty from the beginning of the 15th until the 20th century. The museum currently has more than 11,000 exhibits that include handicrafts, coins and medals, paintings, weapons as well as extensive objects concerning everyday culture, science, economics and industrialisation. A wide-ranging toy collection supplements the general collection.

The library has a holding of 8,000 volumes about Brandenburg-Prussian history from the 16th century until contemporary times. Collection holdings also contain the research library of the deceased Frederick biographer Professor Dr. Johannes Kunisch.
A large holding of rarities with works from the 17th and 18th centuries is also held by the library.